Showing posts with label Delhi. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Delhi. Show all posts

Wednesday, March 27, 2013

Holi!

Gulal
Holi is a delightful Indian festival that quickly became my favorite as of today. It celebrates colors, and, as all Indian holidays I know about, commemorates a deity vanquishing a demon, and, ipso facto, good triumphing over evil. It also celebrates the spring, the beginning of the harvest and is now mostly a cultural, rather than religious, celebration. The holiday is observed by throwing colored powder, called gulal, on everyone around you, as well has having water fights and generally running around. Yesterday (the day before Holi), Hannah and I went to a clothes market and then came home before meeting up with friends for dinner. Every time we were on the street, kids on balconies above us would pelt us with water balloons. They usually missed, but one time they got us good, and we spent an auto ride drying ourselves and licking our wounds. People tend to get CRAZY for Holi, and foreigners are especially targeted, which is why we decided to just stay in our neighborhood rather than try and find the biggest festival site or something. 
Waiting with water balloons on the balconies...
Dhol player at the party
Several days before the actual festival, our landlord, Manish, who has been wonderful to us throughout the year, invited us to a Holi party at a neighbor's house. He said that a news show had contacted him about filming people playing Holi (throwing the gulal) before the actual day, so they could air footage on Holi. We showed up in clothing we knew would get ruined, and arrived to fine about twenty people, not one of whom we had ever seen before, standing around listening to a drummer playing a dhol (like a two-sided Indian bongo drum). It was awkward, especially when they kept goading us to dance (by ourselves, in front of everyone) like hired entertainers. But the people were very nice and it was a good introduction for the real thing. To see the whole clip of the news segment, click here.

This morning, the day of Holi, we arose to the sounds of chairs being set up in the park and water balloons bursting. At around 10:30, we geared up in white clothes, moisturized our faces and oiled our hair (to prevent the color from staining too badly) and headed upstairs to play Holi on the roof with Manish, his wife and their two young girls, who are the CUTEST, most fun kids, and we've become attached to the whole family. Reena, the mom, was standing with a hose continuously filling buckets with pink dye to color the water, while the girls threw gulal and sprayed us constantly with waterguns that looked like giant injections. It was SO fun, so light hearted, just warm enough for the water to be refreshing. After a while, Sean and his girlfriend joined us, bringing way more gulal and giant water guns that they had spent way too much money on, considering that they leaked like crazy and had zero water pressure.
The girls play in a colorful puddle

Sean gets attacked!
With the whole family





It was an awesome experience, and after two full hours of madness, Reena gave us a snack and we collapsed into plastic chairs, thirsty, sunburned and exhausted, covered in color and content as could be. If any of you ever have a chance to play Holi, DO IT!

The three ETAs left in Delhi! We did it!
If only the Jews could have a holiday that involved lightheartedly attacking your relatives...

...just kidding. That would be the end of the Jews.


I am headed to Thailand on Friday the 29th for two weeks of bliss with Hannah, Sean and half the India ETAs. I'll try to post at least once while I'm there, but if not, see ya on the flipside! Love from Mother India.

Sunday, March 17, 2013

Mataji in Mother India

I just had a great two weeks traveling with my mom (Mataji) in this fine and varied land. We spent a few eventful days in Delhi, where she visited my school, enjoyed the great weather, and successfully avoided food poisoning! We then spent a few days in the Thar Desert and the city of Jaisalmer in Rajasthan in Western India. After returning to Delhi via overnight train, Hannah joined us as we flew to Bagdogra in West Bengal (Northeast India) and drove (ahem, were driven) to Darjeeling. Following Darjeeling, we drove through the Himalayan state of Sikkim before returning to West Bengal and then flying back to Delhi. It was exhausting...but awesome! Here are the links for my photos. Click and enjoy!

Thursday, February 28, 2013

First Impressions, Last Impressions

Well, the crazy adventure of teaching ended yesterday. I had a wonderful last day, full of beautiful cards made by my kids, plenty of hugs and even a few tears (but surprisingly not from me! I already had my cry at school on Monday). In cleaning out my locker, I found the notepad I used for my initial Hindi classes and in the beginning of the school year. Inside were some of the first impressions that I jotted down after my first few weeks:
  • Teachers expertly pouring water in their mouths without touching the bottle
  • Newspaper laid under shiny tiffins filled with yellow, orange and green curries with okra ("lady fingers"), potato and eggplant. In a second tiffin, rotis, torn gracefully apart, fingertips touched with yellow from the turmeric
  • Brightly colored clothes, all in matching suits, flowing saris and dupattas, bangles on wrists, bells on ankles, rings on toes, and jewels in ears and noses. Hands with mehndi and foreheads with sindoor and bindis
  • Empty bulletin boards, white walls and partner desks meant for two but crammed with four
  • Children smiling, desperate for my attention, shoving papers and hands in my face, calling my name when I'm mid-sentence
  • Children wanting to sing and perform, knowing which children are good singers and dancers
  • Flooded halls during rain, chaotic arrival and departure via any and every means of transport short of camels and elephants
  • Hot chai in the morning, burning my fingers and tasting of spice
  • Laughter at my foolish attempts to say their names, blushing when I call on them, always standing and sitting and standing again, so EAGER to please, to tell me about themselves, to be in my favor
  • Signing the attendance book, everyone cutting in line with no regard or awareness of my presence
  • Children always waiting for permission to enter, serving and fetching for teachers
  • Wet footprints when it rains, dusty footprints when it doesn't


As a thank you and farewell to my students, I edited a video from the several hundred photographs and dozens of videos I've taken over the past year. Below is a slightly edited version of the video I showed to my students during the last week of classes. It's a little long, but I recommend watching the whole thing...Enjoy!


And it's on to bigger and brighter things! Namaste, Navyug School.

Thursday, February 14, 2013

Going Home With Students

Two significant events happened last week. The first was that my roommate Tangi resigned her Fulbright grant, electing to leave this Thursday, February 14th to go home. She made the decision for a variety of reasons, not least of which were the fact that she's done teaching, is tired of India and needs to visit law schools before she accepts offers of admissions. The second was that I accepted invitations to go to my students' houses and have spent every other school day for the past week riding the bus with my kids and going home with them.

Ishika and her mother
The first student who invited me home, thereby opening the floodgates of invitations, was Ishika, a very nice girl in one of my favorite classes in school, 6C. She had mentioned wanting me to come over a few times throughout the year, to which I responded that I would love to oblige but that she had to talk to her parents, make sure it was OK, and let me know a good time to come. Two weeks ago, she came up to me and told me that her mother really wanted me to come, that I should go with her after school on Friday or Monday, and I knew that I wasn't just going to be dropping in on some poor, unsuspecting mom. Last Monday afternoon, I climbed the school bus along with all the other teachers going to the metro, only I stayed on at the metro station while all the other grown-ups filed slowly off the bus. Seeing me still there, the kids flooded me with questions about where I was going. Upon finding out I was going home with Ishika, every one of them started asking when I would be visiting their homes. I played a good old game of Geography with some of my favorite 7th and 8th grade boys, and before I knew it, forty minutes had gone by and we were pulling up to the stop on Man Singh Road, by India Gate, smack dab in the middle of Delhi. I walked with Ishika to her house, through some alleys, past a garbage heap and some beautiful, towering trees, to arrive at a wide, two-storied blue and white building.I climbed the stairs to find her mother at the shared sink outside their home, washing dishes and cleaning the vegetables she was preparing. The apartment consisted of two rooms, the larger of which was at the entrance and was filled almost entirely by a double bed, across from which hung a flatscreen TV. The room was probably about twelve by seven feet, almost twice the size of the second room, in which a two-burner stove sat on the floor near a bird cage containing the saddest looking bird I've ever seen in my life.
Saddest bird ever
Half its feathers were missing and I swear its eyes looked glazed over. In the far left corner was a small Hindu shrine, characteristic of every home I've been in since, complete with small candles, flowers, tinsel and pictures of what I think of as the Gods' Greatest Hits (Shiva, Ganesha, Krishna...you know, the important ones). I was told to sit on the bed, the only elevated place to sit other than a small bench that barely fit in the corner next to the bed. The only thing of note in the room other than that the bed was a fairly large flatscreen TV hung on the opposite wall. Ishika's mother made fresh roti (flat, thin bread made on the stovetop) and finished making the paranthas (flat, fried pancake usually made with potatoes) and subzi (vegetable curry), while Ishika deftly connected the TV screen to the computer's hard drive and showed me the games she had. She also showed me an album on her mother's phone of their recent trip to the Golden Temple in Amritsar, which contained several photos of  random foreigners, whom I could sympathize with for having been nice enough to have their photo taken by strangers. Ishika's mom laid a piece of newspaper on the bed, before spreading the dishes in front of me and commanding me to eat. The food was seriously delicious, so fresh and flavorful. Afterwards, Ishika wanted to take me to India Gate, one of Delhi's more photogenic monuments, located several blocks from her house in the heart of the planned center of New Delhi. Full to bursting, I walked with Ishika, her younger sister, and her mother to the giant arch facing the Rashtrapati Bhavan, the official residence of the President of India. Her mother insisted on buying bhel puri for me, a famed street food from Bombay, consisting of puffed rice mixed with fresh onion, bell pepper, tomatoes, spicy crackers and a mystery brownish red sauce. I literally felt like I might pass out from being so full, but I couldn't refuse her generosity, so I made a show of taking several tiny bites. We walked around a bit, and when I was ready to go home, I flagged down an electric shared rickshaw. Before I knew it, Ishika's mother had given the driver ten rupees, and even my threatening to take another rickshaw wouldn't make her take it back.

The next day at school, the floodgates opened. Suddenly, dozens of students were insisting I come to their house, particularly those from 6C, Ishika's class, one of my favorites. A 6C student named Rishi, who was one of the first students at the school that captured my heart with his dancing, joking and generally fantastic energy despite his difficulty controlling it, was particularly adamant in his insistence. I told him in no uncertain terms that he hadhadhad to let his parents know and make sure it was OK to have me over, and the next day I boarded the bus with him. Up until the last moment, I really wasn't sure if he was bluffing, seeing if I really would come, or serious about having me over. Eventually I decided he was genuine in his invitation. On the bus I sat in front of Kartic, another 6C boy, whose sweet, chubby smile and quiet demeanor I always enjoy in class. On this day, however, he had a goal and was determined to meet it. For over a quarter of an hour, Kartic grilled me about when I would come to his house, what day, what time, whenwhenwhen. When I said that I could not give a specific date until I looked at my calendar, it was as if I was begging him to ask me again, as if his continued requests would make me give him the answer he was hoping for. It got to the point where I was just telling him he had to stop asking, and even the kids around me were trying to break it to him that he had to leave me alone.

Rishi shows off the courtyard
Rishi makes chai on the stove
I got off the bus with Rishi, along with half of class 6C, who, as it turns out, almost all live right near each other off of Man Singh Road. While many kids had parents who met them at the bus stop, Rishi was on his own and led me across the street and through a winding road, past a large dhobi ghat, or place where hired laundry is done by hand. The street was crisscrossed with clotheslines, strung between large wooden stakes tied together to form triangles so they would stand. Rishi took me through a gate, into a small courtyard flanked on two sides by low bungalows separated into four or five "apartments" each. The courtyard was not empty; each home had potted plants growing abundantly outside its door, several elderly people lounged in chairs in the sun, while a few young kids toddled about and at least five or six adolescents socialized with one another. Rishi led me to his house, which was actually a room and a half, about half the size of Ishika's house, maybe six by eight feet, with a tiny kitchen area leading into one tiny bedroom. As I walked toward the house, half the people in the courtyard followed me, curious about who I was and what I was doing there. One of these people was a child of seven who clearly had Downs syndrome. As he followed us inside, I asked Rishi if this was his brother that I had heard about on the bus, when the other kids had told me that Rishi's brother was funny and very nice but not much else. Rishi nodded and said his name was Harsh. The house was painted bright blue on the inside, with a small shrine hung on the wall and one double bed as the only furniture.The first thing Rishi did when he got home was clean up the house. He picked up the clothes off the floor, made the bed and hung up his brothers' school bags. Then he made me chai on the stove and prepared a bowl of namkeen, Indian snacks, which Harsh happily shared with me. When Rishi returned, I gave them the pencils and stickers I had brought them, before realizing that Rishi had a second brother! This made three brothers: Rishi, 11, Abhishek, 9 and Harsh, 7 plus the parents, all living in this tiny room together. Rolled up in the corner was a small mat with blankets, clearly to put on the floor for the boys to sleep on. Harsh could not have been more excited about the shiny pencils if I had given him a lifetime supply of ice cream. He kept holding them up and grinning at me, alternately putting them in his bag and taking them out. Adorable. Rishi came back with chai for me and for himself, and a small bowl in which he poured some for Harsh. Abhishek showed off his dance moves for me before climbing up the window grille to get something from a top shelf, and incidentally kicking out the window glass that sat propped up against the pane. I asked where his parents worked, where his mom was. He told me his dad is a painter, and his mom is on chai duty at the koti. I didn't know what a koti was and the only explanation he gave was by pointing outside. Watching Rishi with his brothers was incredible. At school, this kid was nothing if not the life of the party. Every time I taught a song, Rishi was up bangra dancing. He can hardly sit still in class, so excited and enthusiastic, not so focused academically but with a great sense of humor, an easygoing demeanor and a huge gorgeous smile. At home, he was the big brother, making sure his brothers had what they needed in his parents' absence, patiently pouring chai for Harsh and tending to his needs in such a patient and caring way. It was beautiful to watch.

When I first walked in, Rishi informed me that Lalit, a student of mine in 8C, lives in the same compound. Shortly afterwards, Lalit came in with his mother, who was both beautiful and surprisingly fluent in English, considering the limited bilingual abilities of other parents I had interacted with. She told me that Rishi's parents weren't here because Rishi's cousin had a baby who had been in the ICU and had just died, and would I like to come to her home for chai. Rishi's explanation of the baby's death was too complex for my limited communication in Hindi. All I understood was garam panni, which means hot water, so I had no idea what had happened other than that it was was tragic.

Rishi, Harsh and me


Harsh! The cutest.
After a bit, the boys took me outside to see the garden. When we exited the courtyard the opposite way from where we came, Rishi pointed to the giant white villa on the other side of a lawn and said, "koti." When I asked who lives there, Rishi replied, "the Sahib." Suddenly I understood the dynamic: the people in the courtyard all work, or have relatives who work, at this giant house in some capacity. To think that one household could support the livelihood of ten families was incredible to me, and was such a striking reminder of how much wealth exists in India in contrast to how much poverty.
The garden was beautiful, a large yard full of ripening vegetables--potatoes, tomatoes, cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, onions, cilantro, and everything else you would need for a hearty curry. Some of Rishi's classmates from 6C joined us, giving Harsh big hugs upon their entrance and expressing excitement to see me there. I quickly noticed that Harsh was imitating Rishi's every move--he would point to the potato patch and say "aloo hai" (those are potatoes), and Harsh would do the same. 
Me and Lakshmi, Lalit's mother
We returned to the courtyard where I held some babies and Rishi played with my phone, before Lalit's mother insisted I come and have chai with her. She showed me home videos of a celebration they held last year for Lalit's birthday and that of his two-year-old brother Mayank, as well as a professional album of the event's photos. She pointed out every relative, telling me their names. In the photos she had clearly had her makeup professionally done, complete with some powder to make her face appear more fair, aging her lovely face about ten years. Lalit had made instant noodles for everyone that his eleven-year-old sister fed to Mayank and we all ate off plates. Eventually Rishi came in to tell me that his parents had come home and would I come back to his house.

Rishi's visitors 
I entered his home to find his three cousins, about my age, two of the three triplets, who looked about nine months old, his maternal grandfather, his parents and his two brothers. The grandpa was almost deaf and had a primitive hearing aid in his right ear that clearly barely worked, as every time someone addressed him they literally shouted in his ear. The three cousins were visibly upset, with red, puffy eyes and withdrawn as one would be following the death of a child barely hours before. I felt so uncomfortable being there in this intimate moment, but the parents were so evidently happy to have me that I couldn't leave. The mother of the babies nursed the boy, while the girl was bottle-fed by one of her aunts. The room was full of people, as you can imagine with a tiny space, seven adults, two babies and three children. Rishi's dad and grandpa were utterly jovial, chatting with me and asking me all kinds of questions about my life and work. Rishi and his brothers seemed oblivious to the suffering around them, Rishi insisting that his mother see the video of him playing soccer even as she was comforting her tearful niece. After maybe fifteen minutes of casual chat, when I was already desperate to be out of there, Rishi and Abhishek left with me to take a walk to India Gate. I bid farewell to the devastated group and we headed for the monument.

Once on the promenade leading up to India Gate, I insisted on paying for the inflatable ball Rishi bought from a street vendor and we attracted more than a few stares as we played and volleyed with the ball as tourists and locals alike enjoyed the view of one of Delhi's more well known attractions. As the sun began to sink, I made my way towards the subway at Central Secretariat, saying goodbye to the boys with promises of my return.

***

Prachi's grandmother
Prachi and Co.


















On Monday of this week I again stayed on the bus after the metro station to visit the home of Prachi, another 6C comrade. Her mother and younger sister met us at the drop off, and we walked first to see Sakshi's house, a classmate who lives in a group of one-room apartments with her entire extended family. We got to Prachi's house, where her mother began preparing the fresh roti, I met Prachi's grandparents, and she showed me family photos. As she took me outside to show me her neighborhood, neighbor children tagged along until about eight strong were following along. They took me to the nearby dhobi ghat and the nearest mandir, small temple dedicated to the goddess Durga. We returned to Prachi's house, where her mother generously fed me delicious paneer curry, and I tried to ignore the texture of the cheese, which I hate, to enjoy the awesome flavors. My visit was cut short by the fact that I had a Hindi lesson at 5PM, and Prachi's uncle took me on his scooter to the metro at Khan Market.
Prachi and her sister, Tanisha
Perfect puri by Kartic's mom
The next day I was bound for the houses of Kartic and Anchal, Kartic being the 6C kid who drove me nuts the week before and Anchal a lovely, precocious girl from 7B. I went first to Kartic's knowing that I would need a concrete out to be able to ever leave. Their house was the largest so far--still only one room, but at least twice the size of Ishika's house, with walls painted teal and a small mandir in a cabinet with mirrored walls, to give the impression of infinity. His mom was awesome, understanding Kartic's incessant requests and apologizing on his behalf, a charge which I wholeheartedly denied. She was so warm and inviting, chatting nonstop in Hindi, giving me lovely bangles, and making ridiculously perfect puri. She asked me about where I'd been in India, what I had bought, and offering me everything I said was beautiful in her home. At aroung 4:00, Anchal showed up with her twin brother, staking her claim on my time even as I was struggling to eat the food in front of me. Half an hour later, Anchal's mom was at the door just as Kartic's dad was returning to meet me. After a quick hello, we went to Anchal's house, in the workers' complex adjacent to the official residence of the Vice President of India.

Her mother, like many women I have met in this country, was strikingly beautiful, and Anchal suddenly looked like a younger carbon copy of her mother, Nita. Their house was about the size of Rishi's but with white tiled floors and an indoor sink. I sat and ate her potato tomato curry, with her perfect puri, as she explained to me that her husband has been living illegally in Portugal for the past five years, trying to attain legal entry to the US and Canada. He had been home for the first time in five years, for three months, and had just left a few days before. My heart hurt, thinking about this gorgeous woman who looked so young, living alone with the two sweetest twelve-year-olds anyone could ask for, struggling on her own with her husband so far away. It turned out, as she told me, that the reason they lived in this complex was that her mother had worked in some capacity--servant, nanny, both maybe-- for the current vice president when he was a child. When Nita's husband left for Portugal, she was afraid to be a woman living alone with her children, and her mother asked a favor from the VP to let them live there.  I was enjoying my chat with Nita, especially when their neighbor came over with her toddler who said the funniest things, but Anchal was anxious to get out of the house. Kartic, his sister, Nupur, and his classmate Gautam, who also lives very close, met us as we headed towards India Gate.

We walked around for a bit before Anchal suggested we go boating on the small pond next to the park. I had to absolutely insist on paying, again, as Anchal's mom had given her and her brother spending money, to rent paddle boats for fifteen minutes on a pond the size of a large urban backyard. Kartic and Gautam shared a boat, much to Kartic's chagrin, as he wanted to boat with me, Anchal's brother Abhishav(?) went with Nupur, and I went with Anchal. I was immediately transported to Stow Lake, where my mom would take me, my brother, Sam and Max paddle boating on Stow Lake in Golden Gate Park, exhausted as the only adult paddling. The kids were absolutely thrilled, shrieking with laughter and smiles all around. I felt so grateful to be sharing this moment with them, enjoying so much the opportunity to just be with these awesome kids, relishing their company, their personalities and loving nature.

Bumper boating with Kartic, Gautam, Nupur and Abhishav

As the sun sank on a fourth afternoon of quality time with my students, I realized anew how unbelievably fortunate I am to have this opportunity. These children are the most precious of human beings. Inviting me into their world opened my eyes to their lives in a way I didn't know was possible, and I cannot describe the perspective it's given me on my whole year with them. Rishi's unbelievable tender relationship with his disabled brother, Anchal's mother describing the pain of living long-term without her partner, Kartic's mother insisting on putting the shiny bangles on my wrist to prove the authenticity of her generosity. I feel a connection to my students that I didn't know was missing, whether or not I've been to each of their individual homes. I am continuing to process the intensity of these visits, but for the time being, I am filled with a sense of gratitude and humility that I could never have expected despite all of the incredible experiences I've had in my short twenty-five years.

Monday, February 11, 2013

On Women, Violence and the Combination of the Two

Delhi has been in the news lately.

Unfortunately, for the most part, the news is pretty terrible. In mid-December, a woman saw a movie at the mall in Saket, the theater about 15 minutes walking distance from my house. She got out of the movie around 9PM, and took an auto with her male friend to a bus stop nearby. When she got on the bus, the guy was beaten with iron bars and she was raped so brutally that she died a week or two later. What was most scary about this crime to me was not that it took place so close to where I live or the unspeakable violence that transpired. What scared me the most was that nothing she did that night was something I would not do in my most rational state. She was in a nice area, not late at night, with a male friend, taking (privately operated) public transportation. I think the reality of what happened is that it was so violent, so arbitrary, so not instigated, that it could have happened in any major city, really. But the reaction here in India was, from my perspective, uniquely Indian.

People took to the streets after the attack to demand justice for the woman who was attacked. According to the New York Times blog India Ink: Notes on the World's Largest Democracy, "A woman who was raped on a bus by several men on Sunday found an unlikely supporter: everyone." Yes, the crowds outside of the presidential palace and India Gate in December were swollen with protesters holding signs that said "Hoping 2013 brings safety to Indian women," and "Save women, save India." But the most overwhelming message that I observed in the aftermath of the rape was the demand for the death penalty for the perpetrators. To think demanding death as an immediate response to such a violent occurrence would be the ultimate form of justice is sick to me. The pervasive male chauvinist culture in India, disempowering women,  stripping them of agency and choices in their own lives, is profoundly disturbing in and of itself. So to hear about such violence against a woman being responded to more fiercely with violence than with discussion and resolve to change is even more unsettling. To make matters worse, much of the peaceful protests became riots when police charged the crowd with lathis, long sticks that have come to characterize the Indian police uniform. For weeks after the incident, I read about various protests throughout the country, such as the march in Bangalore in which men donned skirts to "show solidarity" with women. I'm sorry if I'm being callous, but is that really what this situation calls for? Is that really the most effective way to voice your support for initiatives battling violence against women or is it just a way to bring attention to yourself? The media here has been so busy pointing fingers, demonizing the assailants, quoting celebrities and plebes alike who lament the sorry state of women's safety, demanding punishments from castration to death, while doing little to raise meaningful awareness about what actually contributes to this violence. 

First of all, it is my understanding that not only is rape not uncommon in India, but that marital rape is largely unrecognized, as women are often understood as "belonging" to their husbands. Modern families still pay dowry, a sum of money given to the groom's family upon marriage which is decided during a formal negotiation between families when the marriage is being arranged. The level of victim blaming that happens is something I might not have believed if I did not witness it with my own eyes--everything from "she should have known better," and "she was asking for it,"to "those boys wouldn't do that," "it's not what you think," and "it wouldn't happen to a decent woman."Not to mention the insane apathy and even antipathy displayed towards women by police who are called in the wake of sexual crimes. In many cases, police have physically or sexually abused the woman again when she seeks their help. To say that sexual violence is not taken seriously by police is a huge understatement. I read an account written on a blog by a woman who described her experience in which a man tried to assault her and then followed her. She went to the police station because she was afraid for her life. After hearing her story, a policeman came out to talk to the assailant. Moments later she saw that they were having a laugh together and appeared to be chatting casually. The cop came back to her and said  that she should stop making a big deal out of something that wasn't.

A few times, as I walked from my school to the metro, students from schools other than my own but along the same street have catcalled me. These are boys aged 10-17 or so, who very well could be my students and just happen not to be. Each time this has happened, I have turned on them, demanding an apology, telling them I am a teacher and would they speak to their teachers that way and not ever to speak to any woman like that ever again. Why, you may ask, did I find it necessary to exact retribution from these kids, when they are just kids saying the same thing I get from many others on a daily basis? These boys take in the values they see exemplified all around them. They are merely imitating how they see other men, role models even, treating women. To interrupt the mindset that they can say what they want to any woman they want with impunity is essential to combating the objectification of women in this city and country. In fact, I often stand up for myself in this way with grown men also. Yet this practice of vigilance and responding to ignorance and offensive behavior is exhausting, and often leaves me and my roommates feeling drained. It's sad and annoying to not be able to smile at people for fear that they will get the wrong message and act on it. It hurts to be so guarded all the time, to be constantly aware and always to doubt the kindness of strangers, because even when I have thought people were being genuine, I have often been wrong.

The women I work with are machines. They rise at five in the morning to make breakfast and lunch, from scratch for themselves, their kids, husbands, and in-laws, often including their husband's siblings. They work all day, many, if not most, commuting over an hour to get to school in Central Delhi. They work all day, at an institution in which the leadership is composed almost entirely of men (although this does seem to be an anomaly at Navyug Schools--mine is the only one that I know of with a male principal). Then they go home, where they cook dinner from scratch for their entire extended families before presumably falling into bed like rocks. These are women who all have Master's degrees in education, working in reputable schools with years of experience behind them. This is the middle class of India--or really of Delhi, I should say--and their daily routines reflect those of housewives in the 1950s, but with an obligation to have a career as well. Please do not read this and think "Aw, those poor women, they are so oppressed." That is not at all my intention in writing this. But living in India and working with these strong and devoted women gives new meaning to the saying, "Women hold up half the sky."

I have been doing a lot of thinking lately on the future of women here, their current and possible roles within the home and workplace, and I see an intimate connection between these roles and the level of violence that continues to be perpetrated in Delhi. Women are not treated as precious lives. They are often approached by men with a sense of entitlement, as if they only exist to serve the needs of others. When will it be time for women in India?

The following are excerpts from some of the articles I've gotten the most out of in the wake of the rape in Delhi:

The popular catchphrase for our world is “new” India. And for decades, the media has colluded to convince us that this is the India that more real, the India that matters, where it’s all happening, and where we’re headed. The other India is but a relic of
the past, separated by time and distance. “Medieval” is our favourite descriptor of choice each time we speak of this India and its citizens, who safely exist elsewhere: in remote villages ruled by khap panchayats, in “bad areas” of our sprawling city, in states like Haryana and Punjab where swaggering, macho men rule the roost.
…
And we acknowledge the fragility of this bubble — albeit unwittingly — when we blame women for getting raped: for being out after dark, wearing skirts or tight jeans, drinking in a bar, wandering into the wrong part of town. For all our claims of progress, what we’re really saying is that the other India — the medieval one — is everywhere, and can strike at any moment. That the bubble is a mirage and so is the comforting hypothesis of  ”two Indias”. The very phrase is misleading, suggesting a separation, a reassuring distance and insulation of one from the other.
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And that brings me to the only bit of good news: It ain’t never gonna happen. Indian women have come a long way, baby, and they have no intention of retracing their steps. Be it call centre workers, sales clerks, mid-level managers, or high-ranking executives, they know that their new-found freedom can be hazardous to their life. We women have merely decided that we’re not going to let that little fact hold us back. And there’s nothing a Mamata or Chautala can do about that.


In a society that has traditionally defined a person through her relationships rather than her individuality, a woman is certainly a person when she is a mother, a daughter, a sister or a wife. Any woman who does not fit into these mental categories is a female, a 'stree', who, in the notorious public pronouncement of a former president of India, Zail Singh, 'bhog ki cheez hai' (is an object of enjoyment). Stripped of relational categories and just as an individual, a woman is not a person but an object, a body for male enjoyment.
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Not perceived as persons, these women are automatically, without the intervention of thought or reflection, consigned to the ambivalent, despised category of the stree who is potentially a bhog ki cheez. The mental constructions i am speaking of are deep-seated, often less than conscious, and are inculcated in early childhood by the family that is tasked with conveying the ideology of gender and gender relations. As a famous child psychologist once remarked, "An infant is born without a history but soon, the family will give it theirs."
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The western concept of a woman being a person in her own right, an individual, with unalienable individual rights, is part of a modernity that is making inroads into India — and clashing with traditional ideas of when a woman may be deemed a person. But what is being more easily embraced, since it does not clash with the traditional markings of the male imagination, is a pernicious western idea stealthily accompanying the notion of a woman's individuality. This is of the individual body being pre-eminently an arena of enjoyment.


After the rape, Mohan Rao Bhagwat, the head of the Hindu nationalist group Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, said: “Such crimes hardly take place in ‘Bharat,’ but occur frequently in ‘India.’ ” Bharat, the Hindi word for India, is, in this view, a rustic idyll where virtuous women keep their bodies covered, and thereby are safe and protected.
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Of course, Mr. Bhagwat was swiftly ridiculed. Using the hashtag #Bharat, many posted tongue-in-cheek online comments. One wrote on Facebook: “Don’t live in India. Migrate to Bharat instead.” They noted the persistence of child marriages, domestic violence and sexual assault in what urban Indians still call “the hinterlands.” 
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Rural women have taken the lead in contemporary battles too. Consider the Pink Gang, or Gulabi Gang, based in Bundelkhand, a remote area of central India that is often written off as “lawless” and “bandit plagued.” Founded by Sampat Devi Pal, who was married off around the age of 13, had her first child at 15 and is essentially illiterate, the Pink Gang — an all-women’s vigilante organization estimated to have around 20,000 members, named after their pink saris and batons — gained fame for beating up men who had abused their wives. The gang has fought corrupt politicians and crooked police officers as well. It also runs vocational centers that empower women.
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If rape happens in “Bharat” as well as “India,” then the solution will come only from the mobilization of the women of both “nations.” 


The Verma Committee Report most fundamentally alters the public discourse on crimes against women by placing these crimes within the framework of the Indian Constitution and treating these offences as nothing less than an egregious violation of the right to live with dignity of all women. What is particularly moving and inspiring about the Report is that it does so by placing the autonomy and indeed the sexual autonomy of women at the very centre of its discourse.

It also offers us a rethinking of what is meant by the offence of rape. In the Committee’s thinking rape is a form of sexual assault like any other crime against the human body in the IPC. According to the Committee it is  ‘the duty of the state as well as civil society to deconstruct the paradigm of shame-honour in connection with a rape victim.’
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According to the Committee, it is very important that Indian society and the state move away from thinking of rape as a crime against honour and instead look at it as a serious violation of bodily integrity. In language which is seen perhaps for the first time in an official report, the Committee quotes a rape survivor. ‘Rape is horrible. But it is not horrible for all the reasons that have been drilled into the heads of Indian women………I reject the notion that my virtue is located in my vagina, just as I reject the notion that men’s  brains are in their genitals’.

The discussion on rape is located in an understanding of women as full and equal citizens  and it is intrinsic to the argument of the Report that it is only by guaranteeing women full and equal rights that sexual violence can even be tackled.


Rape is seen as a crime of dishonour in most traditions because what is stolen, robbed or vandalised is not a woman’s dignity or bodily integrity, but the honour of the man who purportedly owns her sex. Indian law still cannot get its head around the concept of marital rape. How can a husband rape his wife? How can he rob himself of his own property? A woman who asserts her sexuality, or is seen to be asserting her sexuality, independently, outside of marriage, is essentially seen as fair game in a patriarchal culture, because, being no man’s property (and refusing to be property), she can be made to become any man’s property.
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Until recently, the canon of Bollywood faithfully followed the rules of rape. The core of a film’s narrative lay in a tightly scripted romance that was fated to end in marriage: since only a married woman can be a sexed woman, by virtue of being a man’s sexual property, only a married woman can have sex. For decades, this tautology framed the entire sexual politics of Bollywood, more or less completely (with very few exceptions). Since marriage was the conclusion and not the substance of a film’s narrative, representation of the sexual act between the male and female protagonists was out of the question. It had to occur happily ever after the story ended. This did not mean an absence of erotic titillation. In fact, the less chance there was of actual sex, the more there could be of extended titillation—which is basically what the classic Bollywood song and dance number is all about. Alternatively, when sex had to be shown, it could only be as rape. Since no virtuous woman would have sex outside of (or before) marriage, if the heroine, or any positive female character in a film, had to be seen having sex, it could only be shown as occurring against her volition. That is why the cinema of the 1970s and 1980s is so dependent on the token rape scene. A film had to have sex, because that is what people wanted to see, but it could only have sex as rape, because the heroine, being as yet unmarried, could not have any other kind of sex.
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Jugni is the woman who Honey Singh can’t yo-yo. Jugni is the woman who will slap Asaram Bapu and laugh at Mohan Bhagwat. Jugni is the woman who will demand the resignation of the police commissioner and tweet from her detention inside a police station. Jugni is the woman who can take tear gas and climb a lamp post and jump a barricade. Jugni is the woman who can dent Abhijit Mukherjee and paint the town red. Jugni doesn’t need Mamata or Sushma or Sonia or Sheila to weep for her and she doesn’t weep for them. Jugni is angry and Jugni is alive.

The past few weeks I have seen hundreds of young women in Delhi, Abhisarikas, wandering in the darkness, walking in the daytime, speaking, asking questions, singing, dancing, grieving, thinking. They are walking with their friends and comrades, with their lovers and sisters, reclaiming the city, inch by inch, for that nameless woman in whose memory they keep vigil and who is now the source of their radiance. Each one of them is a Jugni, like she was, and like a conflagration of fireflies they are taking back the night.